The auditory experience is important because makes a major contribution to the development of speech, language, cognitive, and social skills. Knowledge of the lexicon has been increased throughout life. Input factors and linguistic and metalinguistic knowledge are effective factors in the acquisition of definitional skills. This study was done to investigate definitional skills in cochlear-implanted (CI) children and their typically developing (TD) peers.
A total of 46 third-grade primary school children (16 with cochlear implants and 30 their TD peers) were recruited. The verbal definitional task included 14 common high-frequency nouns and 11 common high-frequency verbs. All definitions were scored for both content (semantic) and grammatical forms. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/bgb-3245-brimarafenib.html Statistical analysis was conducted to compare the definitional skills between the two groups.
There were significant differences between CI children and their TD peers for word definition skills in both categories of content and form (p&lt;0.001). The results showed the mean scores of content andform aspects of word definition in the TD group were approximately twice higher than the CI ones (M±SD=133±28 and M±SD= 78±23, respectively).
Children with CI may have trouble with definitional skills. It seems that the lower scores of CI children in definitional skills were due to a lack of auditory experience. Considering interventions on definitional skills in CI children is suggested.
Children with CI may have trouble with definitional skills. It seems that the lower scores of CI children in definitional skills were due to a lack of auditory experience. Considering interventions on definitional skills in CI children is suggested.The aim of this study is to determine risk factors and short-term complications of high-grade intraventricular hemorrhages (IVHs) in preterm neonates. Other topics of investigation include the increase in complications of IVH with its severity and the effect of IVH risk factors on the severity of IVH.
We conducted a retrospective case-control study of 436 consecutive preterm neonates with high-grade (3, 4) IVHs admitted in training hospitals of Alborz University in Karaj, Iran, from 2012 to 2017. The risk factors and short-term complications were assessed and analyzed in the subjects by SPSS 19.
Out of 10 000 eligible neonates, we identified 1203 premature infants with IVH. A total of 436 infants with IVH grades 3 and 4 were allocated to the case group. The control group consisted of 767 infants with IVH grades 1 and 2. This study revealed that the most common risk factors of IVH include lack of corticosteroid use in 67.2%, low Apgar score in 10%, and surfactant use in 5.7% of the patients. Ten percent (31 cases) had short-term complications (18 hydrocephalus and 13 death cases). Male gender (= .006) and lower gestational age (= .0001) contributed to higher grades of IVH.
According to the results obtained in this study, it may be concluded that the lack of corticosteroid use is the most common risk factor for IVH, and short-term complications may be seen in one-tenth of the cases.
According to the results obtained in this study, it may be concluded that the lack of corticosteroid use is the most common risk factor for IVH, and short-term complications may be seen in one-tenth of the cases.processing disorder (SPD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that can negatively affect objective, emotional, and behavioral functioning. Therefore, assessing sensory processing is critical in children. This study aimed to provide a current comprehensive list of assessment instruments special about sensory processing in children aged between 0 and 14 years.
This systematic review focused on pediatric assessment of sensory processing. Three electronic databases (Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and ProQuest) were comprehensively searched for eligible studies, and language restriction (English) was applied.The search strategy consisted of keywords and medical subordinate headings for sensory processing and various pediatric assessment tools.
Thirty-four assessment tools were identified, of which nine met the predefined inclusion criteria. The test of ideational praxis, clinical observations of proprioception, and pediatric clinical test of sensory interaction for balance were clinical observational assessment tools.The final tool was a caregiver or teacher reported questionnaire. The obtained studies evaluated the clinical use and psychometric properties of these nine assessment tools.
The result of this study indicated that each of the sensory processing assessment tools considered various aspects of sensory processing.Selecting the most appropriate assessment tools to measure sensory processing function in children depends on specific components of sensory processing that need to be evaluated.
The result of this study indicated that each of the sensory processing assessment tools considered various aspects of sensory processing.Selecting the most appropriate assessment tools to measure sensory processing function in children depends on specific components of sensory processing that need to be evaluated.Studies have shown vitamin (Vit) D deficiency and bone disease in long-term use of antiepileptics, especially in young individuals. This study aimed to determine the relationship between antiepileptic drugs and the level of Vit D, calcium (Ca), and phosphorus (P) in children with epilepsy at the Shohada Hospital from 2016 to 2017.
In this case-control study, 60 consecutive children with epilepsy at the Shohada Hospital from 2016 to 2017 under treatment with anticonvulsions for more than six months were enrolled as the case group. The level of Vit D, Ca, and P was determined in the case group and compared with 60 children without seizure as the control group.
The mean Ca and P were alike across the groups (P &gt; 0.05). The mean Vit D3 level was 31.3 and 40 in the case and control groups, respectively, with significant difference (P=0.0001). The mean Ca and P were alike across the types of drug in the case group (P &gt; 0.05); however, the mean Vit D3 level was lower in the case versus control group with significant difference (P=0.